1.General washing

General washing refers to ordinary water washing, with water temperature controlled at 60 to 90 degrees Celsius. A certain amount of detergent is added, and after about 15 minutes of mechanical washing, a softening agent is added to the excess water. Make the fabric soft and comfortable.

2. Stone washing (stone grinding)

Stone washing is the process of using a certain amount of floating stones, oxidants, and detergents for grinding and washing. The friction between the floating stones and the clothing causes the dye to fall off, resulting in uneven fading of the fabric surface after washing, such as a "worn out feeling". The clothing may experience mild or severe wear and tear. Early morning denim clothes often use stone washing method, which has a unique style. However, stone grinding and washing with floating stones are vulnerable, occupying a large area for stacking, and causing certain wear and tear to the clothing, as well as damage to the equipment. Therefore, more and more washing methods have emerged.

3. Enzymatic washing

At a certain pH and temperature, cellulase can degrade the fiber structure, causing mild fading and dehairing of the fabric surface, and achieving a long-lasting softening effect. The enzymatic washing of denim fabric utilizes cellulase to hydrolyze (erode) cellulose fibers, causing some fibers to dissolve and dyes to fall off through the friction and rubbing of the washing equipment, thus achieving or exceeding the "worn out feeling" effect of graphite washing. After enzymatic washing, the fabric's strength is not greatly lost, and due to the removal of surface fuzz, the fabric surface becomes smooth and has a bright appearance. The fabric feels soft, and its drape and water absorption also become better.

4. Sand washing

Sand washing often uses alkaline agents and oxidizing agents to achieve a certain fading effect and sense of accomplishment after washing clothes. The sand washing process has been used on denim fabric for a long time, but in recent years, in addition to overall style treatment on denim raw materials, a large number of block or stripe like wear effects have been obtained on clothing parts (such as the front chest, thighs, knees, buttocks, etc.) to enhance the sense of wear and tear of the clothing. In the sand washing process, there is a method called "sandblasting", which uses the strong air pressure generated by an air compressor and sandblasting device to spray oxidants to complete the sandblasting process. The fibers dyed with indigo peel off the surface of the fabric under the action of friction, presenting a block like whitening effect. The commonly known "spray horse chestnut" is a technique of sandblasting, which can be processed to varying degrees in different parts of the garment according to design requirements, such as steaming horse chestnut, bone sweeping horse chestnut, and shadow horse chestnut.

5. Destruction of washing

After being polished with pumice and treated with additives, finished garments may experience some degree of wear and tear in certain areas such as bones and collar corners, resulting in a noticeable aging effect. The three-dimensional ghost patterned whiskers on denim clothing, also known as "cat whiskers," are a way of disrupting washing. Press and fold certain parts of the clothing (pockets, joints), fix them with a needle, and then polish them with potassium permanganate solution or sandpaper to make the fabric in contact wear and fade, forming whisker like patterns.

6. Snow washing

Soak the dry pumice in potassium permanganate solution, and then directly polish it with clothing in a dedicated rotary cylinder. Polish the pumice on the clothing with potassium permanganate to oxidize the friction points, resulting in irregular fading of the fabric surface and the formation of white spots resembling snowflakes.

7. Nostalgic Wash

After washing clothes to produce fading or whitening effects, coloring agents can be added according to design requirements to make the faded fabric surface present another color, which can greatly enrich the visual effect of clothing.

 

Several ideas on the application of water washing technology in denim clothing

1.Grasp the product style and choose the appropriate washing process

Demin clothing brands should have their own unique style positioning. Those internationally renowned denim brands with strong personalities. Classic and nostalgic Levi's, as well as minimalist and casual Cavin Klein, often use enzyme wash and sand wash in their products; The sexy and avant-garde MISS SIXTY and the independent Diesel extensively use heavy washing and destructive washing to showcase their unique styles. Therefore, through continuous exploration and understanding of brand positioning, we can grasp the differences of its products and choose the appropriate washing method for the brand.

2.Reasonably utilize the characteristics of the style and give full play to the features of the washing process

Before washing, it is necessary to analyze the style characteristics of denim clothing and observe the features of the human body during exercise after wearing. The application of cat whisker washing technology in denim clothing is the appropriate use of the lifting and squatting of limbs to produce clothing wrinkles, followed by post-processing to ensure the rationality and fashionability of the washing process and increase the beauty of denim clothing.

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